Mecrisp-Stellaris Changelog¶
2.4.2
05.06.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.1 experimental:
I am very happy to announce Mecrisp-Stellaris !
This is the very first beginning, expect monsters inside.
As this is the younger sister of Mecrisp for MSP430,
they share their development history and most design ideas.
12.06.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.2 experimental:
- Unicode support
- First interrupt handler for Systick-Timer
- Lots of small changes
- Ledcomm ported
15.06.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.3 experimental:
- Recognizes both LF and CR as line ending
- Uses hardware FIFO buffer for serial communication
- Enables GPIO hardware on startup
- Tidied up internal register usage
- Faster interrupt entry
- Fetch-Modify-Store definitions are now interrupt safe
- Mecrisp-Stellaris now generates smaller code
- Tidied up debug messages
- Lots of small changes
23.06.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.4 experimental:
- Examples in Forth for Analog, Timer, PWM and Interrupts
- Interrupt handling for Ports and Timers included
- Tidied up source code
- Core needs less RAM
- Lots of small changes
01.07.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.5 experimental:
- Faster comparisons & bit@
- Beautiful output for .s in current base
- Analog Interrupts for ADC0 included
- Examples in Forth for PLL setup and 1 Msps analog sampling
07.07.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.6 experimental:
- New target: STM32F407 on STM32F4-Discovery board
- Removed experimental atomic memory access from core
- Rearranged source code and
added English comments to simplify porting
- First examples for STM32F4 included
29.07.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.6.1 experimental:
- Bugfix in min and max
- 1 Msps analog sampling example for STM
24.08.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.7 experimental:
- New target: KL25Z128 on Freescale Freedom FRDM-KL25Z board
- Deep changes in core:
- New code generator for M0
- Improved code generator for M3
10.08.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.7.1 experimental:
- ADC and DAC examples for KL25Z128
- Improved code generation for M0
07.11.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.7.2:
- A lot of testing later: "experimental" is gone !
- Disassembler for M0 included
- Two channel 1 Msps sampling example for LM4F120
- Contributions:
Random number generator for STM32F4 by Sean Stasiak
LM4F232H5QC port for Chinese QF-LM4F232 board by 呂明貴 (Albert)
16.11.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.8:
- Deep changes in core: Opcodings !
They generate faster code for all targets.
28.11.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.8.1:
- New target: STM32F100 on STM VL Discovery board
18.12.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.9:
- Double numbers and s31.32 fixpoint calculations
- Sine/Cosine Cordic algorithm
- Two channel 1 Msps oscilloscope for LM4F120
31.12.2013, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.9.1:
- Partial disassembler for M3/M4 included
- Small optimisations in core
13.01.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.9.2:
- Small optimisations in M3/M4 code generator
- Faster interrupt trampolines for M3/M4
- Timer interrupts for STM32F407
- Added rdrop and 2rdrop
06.02.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 0.9.3:
- Added for convenience: d/ mod f.n
- Final testing package for upcoming stable 1.0 release
01.03.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.0:
Finally the first stable release of Mecrisp-Stellaris !
21.03.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.0.1:
Bugfix in third loop index "k"
26.03.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.0.2:
- New target: TM4C1294 on Tiva Connected Launchpad
05.04.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.0.3:
- New target: STM32F429ZIT6 on STM F429 Discovery
- Instruction set emulator for Cortex M0 included
23.04.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.0.4:
- Added Intel Hex style binaries for STM targets
- Improved code generation for do and ?do
- Fixed minor issue with arshift when opcoded
with folding constant >= 32
- Added bit rotations ror and rol
- M3/M4 only:
- Added 12bitencoding
- Faster opcodes for inline literals,
calculations, logic and comparisions
- Included new opcodes into disassembler-m3
01.05.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.0
Big tidyup release !
- Improved readability of chip specific code
- Factored out a lot of common code
- Move now behaves well for both directions
- Added fill and compiletoram?
- Improved dictionary building macros
- Fixed flaw in LM4F120 PLL example
02.05.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.1
- New target: STM32F051R8 on STM F0 Discovery
- Tidyup and factoring of common STM terminal code
03.05.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.2
- New target: STM32F401RE on STM Nucleo F401RE
- Variables and <builds does> are now 4-aligned on M3/M4, too
- Added buffer:
- Hooks for terminal redirection on TM4C1294
08.05.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.3
- Added sp@ sp! rp@ rp!
- Added hook for inner quit loop
- ?emit and hooks for terminal redirection on all targets
- Serial terminal code calls vectorized pause for multitasking
- Tidyup and factoring of more common code
19.05.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.4
- New target: STM32F103C8 on Shenzhen LC Technology board
21.05.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.5
- Tab is now recognized as whitespace
- Added irq-fault
27.05.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.6
- Analog and PLL examples for TM4C1294
- Enabled Prefetch Buffer in PLL examples for STM32F407
- Added Forth source for multiline comments
- Added Bitlog and Bitexp functions
- Improved code generation for fetch-modify-store shortcuts
- Testing of LM4F120 binary on TI Tiva Launchpad with TM4C123GH6PM
03.06.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.7
- Added string handling helpers: expect tib >in
- Contribution by Mark Schweizer:
MK20DX256VLH7 port for Teensy 3.1 board
26.06.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 1.1.8
- Added Loran-C for TM4C1294
- Contribution by John Huberts:
Port for Nordic nRF51822
- Contribution by Bernd Paysan:
Ethernet drivers for TM4C1294
30.06.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.0
- Big changes in string handling !
The new core is now a lot more ANS aligned and handles addr-length strings.
- Renamed ?key in key? and ?emit in emit?
- Renamed old counted-string handling with c-prefix
- Create now has default action equivalent to : create <builds does> ;
Old behaviour is renamed into (create)
- Added irq-terminal to LM4F120 and TM4C1294 targets
- Fixed flaw in 16-bit Flash write emulation layer for Freescale targets
- Changed disassemblers and examples for new string handling
Simply renamed with same function:
?key --> key?
?emit --> emit?
serial-?key --> serial-key?
serial-?emit --> serial-emit?
hook-?key --> hook-key?
hook-?emit --> hook-emit?
expect --> cexpect
create --> (create)
type --> ctype
s" --> c"
Chanced behaviour:
string,
find
compare
number
token
parse
#>
s"
type
create
Freshly added:
cell+
cells
align
aligned
spaces
count
create
type
accept
evaluate
s"
current-source
setsource
source
02.07.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.0a
- Fixed a flaw in NVIC Forth code
- Fixed a minor flaw in ethernet driver
- Added 1Msps analog-digital converter ethernet stream example
08.07.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.0b
- Added comments for nRF51822 in README
- Fixed flaw in Pascal UDP ethernet terminal code
09.07.2014, Mark Schweizer, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.1
Following changes added for MK20DX256:
- terminal.s: Turned on UART0 RX/TX FIFO
Changed code for ensuring UART overrun flag is cleared
Added support for hardware flow control
- vectors.s: Added UART0_S/E interrupt vektor to permit the possibility
of interrupt driven serial (interrupts not enabled by
default)
- interrupt.s: Added "ipsr" word to push Interrupt Program Status Register
on stack
Added initialization of UART0S / UART0E interrupts
- README: Documented serial connection, flashing, etc. (basic info)
- Forth: Added more examples, cleaned up code. Seperate README
located in that directory.
Matthias Koch:
- Cleaned up core sources to save a few bytes
16.07.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.2
- Added IPSR by Mark Schweizer for all targets
- Added UNHANDLED as new default for all IRQs
- irq-fault now catches fault handlers only
- irq-collection catches all other interrupts
- Factored common vector tables and interrupts
- Added dictionarynext to core
- Removed dump
- New target: STM32F303VCT6 on STM F3 Discovery
- New target: STM32L152RE on STM Nucleo L152RE
23.08.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.3
- Bugfix: Double division
- Some small optimisations in core
- Assembler for Cortex M0 added
18.10.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.4
- Optimisations for bit@ hbit@ cbit@
- Added rdepth rpick
- Forth code for blocks and trace
- Ported Ledcomm to Nucleo L152
- Contribution by John Huberts:
Nordic nRF51822 radio code
06.11.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.5
- New experimental target: LPC1114FN28 (without Flash write access for now)
- Unicode block editor added
11.11.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.5a
- Adapted Thumbulator emulator for LPC1114FN28 and
added Forth code to generate custom binaries for this target
- Fixed a small flaw in disassemblers
04.12.2014, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.6
- Finally solved compilation into Flash for LPC1114FN28
01.01.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.7
- Delete character 127 is now recognized
- New target: STM32F030F4
- Ethernet driver now has support for DHCP and ARP
- Improved analog stream over ethernet
- Added Ledcomm for LPC1114FN28
- Added Real Time Clock for LM4F120 and TM4C1294
- Added Inertial Sensor code for STM32F3 Discovery
- Fixed counter rollover issues in systick timer delay
- Contribution by Terry Porter:
Register file generator from SVD to Forth with STM examples
08.02.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.8
- Fixed flaw in LPC1114FN28 specific flash buffer handling
that caused freezes after calling quit
- Multitasking example for all targets
- PLL and lowpower terminal code for LPC1114FN28
- Initial graphics drivers to draw pixels on STM32F429 Discovery
- Contribution by James Bowmann:
Forth drivers for Gameduino 2 on STM32F401RE Nucleo
Marsaglia pseudo random number generator
- Contribution by Terry Porter:
Register file generator with individual bitfields
22.02.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.0.9
- Added eint? and reset
- Removed obsolete ?dnegate
- Fixed some documentation flaws in glossary
13.03.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.0
- New target: LPC1115FBD48
- Contribution by Bert Lohmann:
I2C, LCD, PWM in and PWM out examples for LPC1114FN28
04.04.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.1
- New target: MSP432P401R on MSP432 Launchpad
- Eraseflash now performs an hardware Reset on all targets
11.04.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.2
- New target: STM32L053C8 on STM32L053 Discovery
- E-Paper display example for this new board
18.04.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.3
- Ethernet driver updated to new multitasker
- Added graphics library for lines, circles, ellipses and bitmap font
- Contribution by Jean Jonethal:
New target: Nucleo STM32F411
- Contribution by Glen Worstell:
An example for a custom prompt
27.09.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.4
- New experimental target: ARM-Linux and Android
- Faster implementation of abs function
- Jean Jonethal fixed UART blocking on overrun for STM32F303
- Added early experimental bignum implementation
- Contribution by Ulrich Hoffman:
Examples for syscall usage in ARM Linux
15.10.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.5
- Contribution by Абдрахимов Илья:
New target: STM L152 Discovery
22.10.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.0 & RA 1.0 experimental
- Merged the experimental RA branch with the mainstream package
Changes to the mainstream release are:
- Replaced align, with halign
- Removed align4, as it has been identical with align
- Improved maintainability of the code
- Small improvements under the hood here and there
28.10.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.6
- Many new examples for Teensy 3.1 by Andreas Wagner
- Bugfix for STM32L152 vector map and additional interrupt vectors,
more examples for STM L152 Discovery by Абдрахимов Илья (Ilya Abdrahimov)
31.10.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris RA 1.1
- Merged news from 2.1.6 into this package
- Improved tuck
01.11.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris RA 1.2
- Jean Jonethal added STM32F303-RA and fixed a bug.
05.11.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris RA 1.3
- Inline-Cache allows register allocation across inlined definitions
08.11.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris RA 1.4
- Small improvements for negate
14.11.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris RA 1.5
- Smaller disassemblers
- Continuous sampling with exponential average for Loran-C
- RTC examples for STM L152 Discovery by Абдрахимов Илья (Ilya Abdrahimov)
- Contribution by Jean Jonethal:
New target: STM L476 Discovery
28.11.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris RA 1.5a
- Added fast integer square root
- More examples for STM L152 Discovery by Абдрахимов Илья (Ilya Abdrahimov)
- Experimental new target: XMC1100 on Infineon XMC2GO board
24.12.2015, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.0 - Christmas release !
My Christmas present for you:
Mecrisp-Stellaris RA with Register Allocator is ready for mainstream release
and should already be quite stable after a few months of testing.
Now you can choose for your projects if you need the smaller classic core
or the larger RA which includes much stronger optimisations.
Both should have exactly the same capabilities and behaviours.
Some hints for the choice:
If you touch performance barriers with the classic core,
if you love experiments and if you are curious,
try the fresh Mecrisp-Stellaris RA core.
If you have something that already works well with older releases,
if your project has high demands on stability,
if space is what you wish to save,
use the smaller and rock solid classic Mecrisp-Stellaris.
Changes relative to Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.1.6:
- Replaced align, with halign
- Removed align4, as it has been identical with align
01.01.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.1 - 32C3 release !
E-Paper graphics buffer and paint primitives
New target: Silicon Labs Giant Gecko Starter Kit with EFM32GG990F1024
Fixed flaw in RA core when inlining empty definitions
- Contribution by Ilya Abdrahimov: 1-Wire for STM32L152RB
- Contribution by Jean Jonethal:
New target: STM F746 Discovery
13.02.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.1a
- LDMIA + Interrupt silicon bug found: KNOWN-ISSUES added
- Added RA for LPC1115
- Contribution by Ralph Sahli: Peripheral libraries for STM32F407
- Contribution by Terry Porter: Register definitions and insight generator
- Contribution by Igor OM1ZZ: Eight queens bechmark and PLL code
20.02.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.2
- More interrupts in STM32F103
- Added STM32F103-RA
- Contribution by Ilya Abdrahimov: Many examples for STM32F429
- Contribution by Ralph Sahli: Many more examples and libraries for STM32F407
26.03.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.3
- New target: Silicon Labs Happy Gecko Starter Kit with EFM32HG322F64
28.03.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.4
- No line break directly after the "Redefine..." message anymore
- Graphics driver for Sharp LCD on Happy Gecko
- New target: KL46Z256 on Freescale Freedom FRDM-KL46Z board
06.04.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.5
- Added ahead and changed control structures to allow more combinations
- Fixed Forth register constants for PORTE on KL25Z128 and KL46Z256
- New target: MK64FN1M0 on Freescale Freedom FRDM-K64F board
- New target: LPC1114FBD48
- New target: Nordic nRF51822 prepared for Microbit
08.05.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.6
- Scripts for invoking Mecrisp-Stellaris for ARM Linux with qemu-arm-static
- Contribution by Bernd Paysan:
New target: STM32F207ZG on Nucleo-F207ZG
14.05.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.7
Linux target got an improving touch:
- Added cacheflush to solve difficulties with data and instruction cache flushes
- Welcome message is omitted when command line arguments are specified
- A check for Ctrl+D and for EOF in serial-key quits Mecrisp-Stellaris for Linux
- arguments, reset, eraseflash and eraseflashfrom added
- Now 1 MB for compiletoram and compiletoflash each
- Smaller binary
- Forth code for cornerstone added
- Handling of command line arguments in Forth
19.06.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.8
- Increased stack size for Linux target
- Mecrisp-Stellaris-Linux now uses software division like the M0,
as, crazy enough, there is no integer division on large ARMs like A9 and A15.
23.08.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.2.9
- Contribution by Ralph Sahli:
New target: STM32F303K8 with many examples.
"Neopixel" driver for WS2812B LEDs and more.
25.09.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.0
- With a lot of heavy testing out in the wild, now it is time to announce
the register allocator "RA" as stable and ready for general usage.
- "Dotstar" driver for APA102 LED strings connected to a LM4F120
- Profiler written in Forth to count usage of definitions
- Forth code for conditional compilation
- Contribution by Ilya Abdrahimov:
Improved 1-Wire drivers and many new examples for STM32F103 and STM32F411
02.12.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.1
- A bug was found in the register allocator: Fixed abs for all RA targets.
- Contribution by Terry Porter:
svd2forth-v2 - A fresh register file generator from SVD to Forth
15.12.2016, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.2
- RA binary for STM32L053C8
- Contribution by Ronny Suy:
New experimental target: ATSAME70Q21 on Atmel SAME70 X-plained,
just still without the possibility to compile into flash.
01.01.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.3 - 33C3 release !
- Added forgetram to all targets
- Added call trace utility and quotations
- RA binary for MSP432P401R
- Added autoerase macro which clears flash dictionary on the first run
- All EFM32 Gecko and MSP432 targets are now equipped with the autoerase feature
- Contribution by Ralph Sahli:
New targets: STM32F303RE on STM Nucleo F303RE
STM32L432KC on STM Nucleo L432KC
21.01.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.4
- RA binary for STM32F407
- Contribution by Ralph Sahli:
New target: STM32F401CD on Espruino Pico
22.02.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.4a
No changes in binaries, just fixed a documentation flaw and new Forth features:
- Fixed glossary: c-addr length strings are used by number
- Jean-Claude Wippler conquered USB: Drivers for STM32F103 and STM32F303 included
- Direct digital synthesis dual sinewave function generator for STM32F407
- Very early experimental access to the hardware floating point unit
22.02.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.5
- Found a bug: If the "init" mechanism was used on RA cores, compilation of the first
definition after a Reset might generate a leading bogus sequence of opcodes due to
a not properly initialised internal variable.
Workaround, if you cannot update the core: Type "quit" before doing fresh compilations.
16.03.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.6
- Graphics routines now draw Unicode characters.
Glyphs for ISO-8859-1 and ISO-8859-15 charset coverage included, you can add more.
- Contribution by Werner Urech:
New target: STM32L073RZ on STM Nucleo L073RZ
28.06.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.7
- RA binary for STM32F051
- More readable cordic code with arctangent
- Routing tool to replace running definitions for debugging
- Multitask debug tools
- Contribution by Terry Porter:
Svd2gas - converts SVD register definition files into assembler include files
- Contribution by Ralph Sahli:
New target: STM32F042F6
23.07.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.8
- Bugfix for all multiplications involving double numbers on M0 targets. Only ud* was fine.
- Added hook-find and (find) to RA cores
09.08.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.9
- Bugfix for d< d> du< du>
03.09.2017, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.9a
- Contribution by Manfred Mahlow:
Vocabularies and classes for Mecrisp-Stellaris RA
on targets which allow separate 16 bit writes into flash memory
which includes all TI, Silabs and STM32F... chips.
06.01.2018, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.3.9b - 34C3 release !
- Analog and blinky examples for "Calliope mini" board which runs fine with the Microbit binary.
- New Thumbulator with partial M3 support to generate cores with precompiled sources.
Currently available for LM4F120, TM4C1294, STM32F051, STM32L053, STM32F103 and STM32F303.
Added first special autogenerated binary with USB drivers for STM32F3 Discovery board.
- Contribution by Jean-Claude Wippler:
Alternative M0 core emulator for Thumbulator adapted from Pinkysim.
28.01.2018, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.4.0
- New experimental target: cy8c4245axi (9600 baud bit-bang terminal and without flash write access for now)
- Contribution by Andrew Palm:
New target: STM32F030K6
11.02.2018, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.4.1
- Bugfix for <builds does> create on M3 and M4 cores with 16 bytes at once flash buffering
- ." c" s" are now properly flagged as compile-only
- Core version is now printed in words listing
- Contribution by Terry Porter: Fresh SVD2Forth utility
- Contribution by Andrew Palm:
- Example collection for STM32F051
- Trig and SQRT Forth code for s31.32 fixpoint
25.03.2018, Matthias Koch, Mecrisp-Stellaris 2.4.2
- Defined VALUE and TO in Forth
- Added brightness measurement with a LED for STM32F051
- Contribution by Andrew Palm:
- Improved trig and sqrt code
- Sunset and sunrise calculations
- Contribution by juju2013@github:
New target: Nuvoton NUC123
Mecrisp-Stellaris Known Issues¶
2.4.2
\ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
\ Known issues
\ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
*********************************
* LDMIA + Interrupts in M3/M4:
*********************************
LDMIA and some other opcodes with a register list can be interrupted and
continued afterwards in M3 and M4 cores.
Unfortunately, there seems to be a silicon bug in some chips / core revisions
that causes an interrupted LDMIA opcode to fail.
The error has already been observed in LM4F120, TM4C1294, STM32F407
when using the multitasking example. M0 chips and EFM32GG990 are fine.
It could affect other M4 chips and maybe M3, too.
So if you get mysterious crashes when using Interrupts om M3/M4,
try disabling preemption capabilities with this workaround:
1 $E000E008 !
Drawback is that this increases interrupt latency.
Manual snipplets:
B1.5.10 Exceptions in LDM and STM operations
In order to allow implementations to have the best possible interrupt response, an interrupt can be taken
during an LDM or STM and continued after the return from the interrupt. The continuation state of the LDM or
STM is held in the ICI bits in the EPSR (see The special-purpose program status registers (xPSR) on
page B1-8). It is IMPLEMENTATION DEFINED when interrupts are recognized, so the use of the ICI bits is
IMPLEMENTATION DEFINED.
The ARMv7-M architecture supports continuation of, or restarting from the beginning, an abandoned LDM
or STM instruction as outlined below. Where an LDM or STM is abandoned and restarted (ICI bits are not
supported), the instructions should not be used with volatile memory. To support instruction replay, the LDM,
STM, PUSH and POP instructions are required to restore/maintain the base register when a fault occurs (no base
register writeback update) during execution.
M3: http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.dui0552a/CHDCBHEE.html
M4: http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.dui0553a/CHDCBHEE.html
Address Name Type Required privilege Reset value Description
0xE000E008 ACTLR RW Privileged 0x00000000 Auxiliary Control Register
Auxiliary Control Register
[0] DISMCYCINT Disables interruption of multi-cycle instructions.
This increases the interrupt latency of the processor because load/store and
multiply/divide operations complete before interrupt stacking occurs.
M7: http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc.dui0646b/CHDCBHEE.html
Does not have this bit.
*******************************
* Running on Android / Linux:
*******************************
The linux port is known to work on both Linux and Android, but on some kernels and/or CPU cores,
sudden segfaults may happen when directly executing freshly compiled definitions.
Cache flushing issues due to independent caches for instructions and data may cause the problem.
Mecrisp-Stellaris Readme¶
2.4.2
@
@ Mecrisp-Stellaris - A native code Forth implementation for ARM-Cortex M microcontrollers
@ Copyright (C) 2013 Matthias Koch
@
@ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
@ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
@ (at your option) any later version.
@
@ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
@ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
@ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
@ GNU General Public License for more details.
@
@ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
@ along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
@
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This is the stable release of Mecrisp-Stellaris,
a port of Mecrisp to the ARM Cortex M architecture.
It runs out of the box on:
- TI Stellaris/Tiva Launchpad with LM4F120H5QR / TM4C123GH6PM
- TI Tiva Connected Launchpad with TM4C1294NCPDT
- TI MSP432 Launchpad with MSP432P401R
- STM L053 Discovery with STM32L053C8T6
- STM Nucleo L152RE with STM32L152RE
- STM Nucleo 401RE with STM32F401RE
- STM Nucleo 411RE with STM32F411RET6
- STM F0 Discovery with STM32F051R8
- STM VL Discovery with STM32F100RB
- Shenzhen LC Technology board with STM32F103C8T6
- STM F3 Discovery with STM32F303VCT6
- STM F4 Discovery with STM32F407VGT6
- STM F429 Discovery with STM32F429ZIT6
- Freescale Freedom FRDM-KL25Z with KL25Z128VLK4
- Freescale Freedom FRDM-KL46Z with KL46Z256VLL4
- Freescale Freedom FRDM-K64F with MK64FN1M0VLL12
- Infineon XMC2GO with XMC1100Q024F0064
- EFM32 Giant Gecko with EFM32GG990F1024
- EFM32 Happy Gecko with EFM32HG322F64
- Breadboard friendly, DIP packaged LPC1114FN28
- LPC1114FBD48
- LPC1115FBD48
- Very small TSSOP20 packaged STM32F030F4
Experimental:
- Cypress CY8CKIT-049 4200 with CY8C4245AXI
Contributions:
- Teensy 3.1 with MK20DX256VLH7
- Chinese QF-LM4F232 with LM4F232H5QC
- nRFgo Starter Kit & Microbit with nRF51822
- STM L152 Discovery with STM32L152RBT6
- STM Nucleo L073RZ with STM32L073RZ
- STM Nucleo F207ZG with STM32F207ZG
- STM Nucleo F303K8 with STM32F303K8
- STM Nucleo F303RE with STM32F303RE
- Espruino Pico with STM32F401CD
- STM Nucleo L432KC with STM32L432KC
- STM L476 Discovery with STM32L476VG
- STM F746 Discovery with STM32F746NG
- Atmel SAME70 X-plained with ATSAME70Q21
- STM32F042F6
- STM32F030K6
- Nutiny-SDK-NUC123 with NUC123
http://mecrisp.sourceforge.net/
m-atthias@users.sf.net
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mecrisp finally got a younger sister and mastered the jump
to the ARM Cortex M instruction set.
They share most of the design ideas, so Mecrisp-Stellaris can compile
directly into Flash, generates native code with constant folding and
inlining of short words.
Communication is via serial 115200 baud 8N1 over
- UART0 in LM4F120 (connected to USB-serial bridge on Stellaris Launchpad)
- UART0 in TM4C1294 (connected to USB-serial bridge on Tiva Connected Launchpad)
- USCI0 in MSP432P401R (TX on P1.3, RX on P1.2, connected to USB-serial bridge)
- UART in LPC1114FN28 (TX on P1.7, RX on P1.6)
- UART in LPC1114FBD48 (TX on P1.7, RX on P1.6)
- UART in LPC1115FBD48 (TX on P1.7, RX on P1.6)
- USART1 in STM32F051 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART1 in STM32F030F4 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART1 in STM32F030K6 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART1 in STM32F100 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART1 in STM32F103 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART1 in STM32F303 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART1 in STM32F429 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART1 in STM32L053C8 (TX on PA9, RX on PA10)
- USART2 in STM32F401 (TX on PA2, RX on PA3 connected to USB-serial bridge on Nucleo board)
- USART2 in STM32F407 (TX on PA2, RX on PA3)
- USART2 in STM32F411 (TX on PA2, RX on PA3 connected to USB-serial bridge on Nucleo board)
- USART2 in STM32L152 (TX on PA2, RX on PA3 connected to USB-serial bridge on Nucleo board)
- USART2 in STM32L476 (TX on PD5, RX on PD6 connected to USB-serial bridge on Discovery board)
- UART0 in KL25Z128 (connected to USB-serial bridge on Freedom board)
- UART0 in KL46Z256 (connected to USB-serial bridge on Freedom board)
- UART5 in LM4F232
- UART0 in MK20DX256 (RX1/TX1 on Teensy 3.1. Physical pins #2/#3 (these are also Digital IO 0/1 lines)
Digital IO pins 18/19 are setup for CTS/RTS respectively
- UART0 in NUC123 (64pin and 48pin only)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for LM4F120 and TM4C123:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect your cable to the Debug-USB-Port,
set "PWR SELECT" switch to DEBUG and
close VDD jumper.
Flashing is possible with lm4flash:
https://github.com/utzig/lm4tools
On startup, this runs with internal PIOSC at 16 MHz,
which is specified +-3% over whole temperature range.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for TM4C1294:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect your cable to the Debug-USB-Port,
set "POWER SELECT" jumpers (JP1) to "ICDI",
close both "MCU 3V3" (JP2) and "+3v3" (JP3) jumpers and
set communication jumper blocks (JP4 and JP5) both to UART mode.
Flashing is possible with lm4flash:
https://github.com/utzig/lm4tools
On startup, this runs with internal PIOSC at 16 MHz,
which is specified +-3% over whole temperature range.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for MSP432P401R:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect your cable to the USB-Port,
set "JTAG switch" to XDS position,
close 5V, 3V3, RXD, TXD jumpers.
Flashing is possible with DSLite, which is part of Energia 15:
DSLite -c MSP432P401R.ccxml -f mecrisp-stellaris-msp432p401r.bin -l 0
On startup, this runs with DCO on 12 MHz.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for LPC1114FN28 on breadboard:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect 3.3 V power across
+ Vdd (Pin 21) and Vdda (Pin 7)
- Vss (Pin 22) and Vssa (Pin 8)
Connect TTL serial to
TXD on P1.7 (Pin 16) and
RXD on P1.6 (Pin 15)
Connect two push buttons between
/Reset (Pin 23) and GND
Bootloader enable on P0.1 (Pin 24) and GND
The chip enters serial bootloader in ROM
if Reset button is released while
the bootloader button is hold down.
Flashing is possible with LPC21ISP:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/lpc21isp/
lpc21isp -wipe mecrisp-stellaris-lpc1114fn28.hex /dev/ttyUSB0 9600 12000
On startup, this runs with internal RC oscillator at 12 MHz
which is specified +-1% over whole temperature range.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32L053C8:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port.
Terminal is included into the debug section and can be used
if you close solder bridges SB2 and SB3.
Flashing is possible with st-flash:
https://github.com/texane/stlink
Flash memory is mirrored in hardware starting from address 0. Mecrisp uses
the low address range to generate short opcodes for calling core words, but
for flashing the binary, you have to use the "true address" $08000000.
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32l053c8.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 16 MHz HSI clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32L152:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port.
Terminal is included into the debug section on Nucleo boards.
Flashing is possible with st-flash:
https://github.com/texane/stlink
Flash memory is mirrored in hardware starting from address 0. Mecrisp uses
the low address range to generate short opcodes for calling core words, but
for flashing the binary, you have to use the "true address" $08000000.
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32l152.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 16 MHz HSI clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32L476:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port.
Terminal is included into the debug section on Discovery boards.
Flashing is possible with st-flash:
https://github.com/texane/stlink
on Windows using STLINK Tools from ST website:
http://www.st.com/web/en/catalog/tools/PF258168#
Flash memory is mirrored in hardware starting from address 0. Mecrisp uses
the low address range to generate short opcodes for calling core words, but
for flashing the binary, you have to use the "true address" $08000000.
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32l476.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 48 MHz MSI clock. Currently flash ECC is
supported. (JJ:O)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32F401 and STM32F411:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port.
Terminal is included into the debug section on Nucleo boards.
Flashing is possible with st-flash:
https://github.com/texane/stlink
Flash memory is mirrored in hardware starting from address 0. Mecrisp uses
the low address range to generate short opcodes for calling core words, but
for flashing the binary, you have to use the "true address" $08000000.
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f401.bin 0x08000000
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f411.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 16 MHz HSI clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32F407:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port,
connect your favourite serial link to PA2 (TX) and PA3 (RX),
keep logic voltage levels in mind !
Flashing is possible with st-flash:
https://github.com/texane/stlink
Flash memory is mirrored in hardware starting from address 0. Mecrisp uses
the low address range to generate short opcodes for calling core words, but
for flashing the binary, you have to use the "true address" $08000000.
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f407.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with external 8 MHz crystal HSE clock,
as internal oscillator is specified -8% + 4.5% over whole temp range.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32F429:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similiar to STM32F407.
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port,
connect your favourite serial link to PA9 (TX) and PA10 (RX),
keep logic voltage levels in mind !
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f429.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with external 8 MHz crystal HSE clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32F030F4:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect everything necessary to power up and flash the chip.
Connect your favourite serial link to PA9 (TX) and PA10 (RX),
keep logic voltage levels in mind !
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f030f4.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 8 MHz HSI clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32F051:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similiar to STM32F407.
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port,
connect your favourite serial link to PA9 (TX) and PA10 (RX),
keep logic voltage levels in mind !
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f051.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 8 MHz HSI clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32F100:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similiar to STM32F407.
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port,
connect your favourite serial link to PA9 (TX) and PA10 (RX),
keep logic voltage levels in mind !
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f100.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 8 MHz HSI clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for STM32F303:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Similiar to STM32F407.
Connect USB cable to ST-Link USB port,
connect your favourite serial link to PA9 (TX) and PA10 (RX),
keep logic voltage levels in mind !
st-flash erase
st-flash write mecrisp-stellaris-stm32f303.bin 0x08000000
On startup, this runs with internal 8 MHz HSI clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for KL25Z128, KL46Z256, MK64FN1M0:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable to SDA-USB-PORT
Flashing is via mass storage interface -
the board will appear as Flash Disk, just copy .bin file in.
Maybe you have to do an OpenSDA firmware update before.
On startup, this runs with internal FLL at 20.97 MHz.
If you wish to try Mecrisp-Stellaris without target hardware,
there is a Cortex M0 instruction set emulator prepared for use with
Freescale Freedom binary images. Go into kl25z128/thumbulator
directory, type "make", copy the binary and then type
"thumbulator mecrisp-stellaris-kl25z128.bin" to run.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for XMC1100:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable for flashing and terminal.
Flashing is possible with JLinkExe from Segger, which is available for Linux:
https://www.segger.com/jlink-software.html
"Software and documentation pack", 32 Bit TGZ archive is fine.
JLink_Linux_V510c_i386# ./JLinkExe -device XMC1100-0064 -if SWD -speed 4000
erase
loadfile mecrisp-stellaris-xmc1100.hex
r
g
OpenOCD 0.9 has support for the XMC2GO, but it failed with the firmware version
of my board. The command line would be something like this:
openocd -f board/xmc-2go.cfg
openocd -f board/xmc-2go.cfg -c "program mecrisp-stellaris-xmc1100.hex verify reset exit"
If you have issues with broken characters in the terminal,
try changing the UART_FDR_STEP value in terminal.s a bit.
To circumvent a bug in the XMC2GO serial bridge, the baudrate is set a bit
off the nominal value. If you connect your own terminal, make sure to change
it to the correct value.
See mecrisp-stellaris-source/xmc1100/terminal.s for hints.
On startup, this runs with internal MCLK = PCKL = 8 MHz clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for EFM32GG990 and EFM32HG322:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect USB cable to DBG connector for flashing and terminal.
To get the mass storage flashing interface and USB-serial bridge,
a firmware update of the on board debugger might be necessary.
See instructions on MBED:
https://developer.mbed.org/teams/SiliconLabs/wiki/Silicon-Labs-Firmware
Flashing is done by copying the binary into the USB drive.
Unfortunately, flashing this way doesn't not perform a proper mass erase.
If you cannot get it up and running this way, you need use a proper debugger
and erase the whole flash properly.
On startup, this runs with internal HFCLK = HFRCO = 14 MHz clock.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for MK20DX256VLH7 on a Teensy 3.1 board:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( Contributed by Mark Schweizer )
Connect USB cable to USB port
Open Teensy Loader Application (https://www.pjrc.com/teensy/loader.html) on your PC
Select the "mecrisp-stellaris-mk20dx256.hex" file in the mk20dx256 directory
Select the "Auto" button (this automatically loads the coad and resets the Teensy when the programming button is pushed)
Press the button on the Teensy 3.1 board to initite the bootloader
Connect a serial cable to TX1/RX1 (physical pins #2/#3 (these are also Digital IO 0/1 lines)
Optionally connect CTS/RTS to physical pins #25/26 (these are also Digital IO 18/18 lines)
R C
T T
S S
o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
|--------------------------o
| o
USB| Teensy 3.1 o
| o
|--------------------------o
o o o o o o o o o o o o o o
G R T
N X X
D
On startup, this runs with internal FLL at 20.97 MHz. See MCG.txt for how to switch to 96MHz
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for nRF51822:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( Contributed by John Huberts )
I have been using the nRFgo Motherboard fitted with a nRF51822 module
to do the development and testing. Programming is done using nRFStudio
and the Segger J-LINK LITE that comes with the dev kit.
I was also able to debug using GDB in the nRF51 Eclipse IDE
The motherboard has a DB9 for serial port connection but jumpers need to
be placed between P15 (RXD, TXD) and P9 (P2.0, P2.1). If you don't have a
serial port on your PC then you will need a USB-serial cable.
The UART can be configured to use other pins on the SOC by changing these
lines in in terminal.s:
.equ RX_PIN_NUMBER, 16
.equ TX_PIN_NUMBER, 17
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for Microbit:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flashing can be done by just copying mecrisp-stellaris-microbit.hex
into the Microbit which comes with a mass storage interface.
Communication is done over P0.24 TX and P0.25 RX, connected
to USB-serial-bridge on debugger section.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hardware and configuration for Nutiny-SDK-NUC123:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Connect 3.3V power or USB cable.
Flashing is possible with (any clone of) st-link V2, (any clone of) black
magic probe, or Nuvoton's ICP software (windows only).
Here's how with openocd and st-link v2 on linux:
Connect SWDIO to ICE_DAT, SWCLK to ICE_CLK, GND to VSS and 3.3V to VCC if not
powered by USB. Get OpenOCD installed, chdir to nuc123 folder and adjust
openocd.cfg there if needed. Then launch openocd, which should say something
like this:
TargetName Type Endian TapName State
-- ------------------ ---------- ------ ------------------ ------------
0* NuMicro.cpu hla_target little NuMicro.cpu unknown
keep openocd running and telnet localhost 4444, then:
reset halt
flash erase_sector 0 0 135
flash write_image mecrisp-stellaris-nuc123.bin
reset run
Serial console pins are automatically configured:
PB0(RX)/PB1(TX) for 64-pin package
PC4(RX)/PC5(TX) for 48-pin package
33-pin package don't have UART0 but only UART1 and I don't have one, so
it will maybe run but without serial terminal.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mecrisp-Stellaris itself is sending LF for line ending,
but recognizes both LF and CR. Invoke Picocom with something like
picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyACM0 --imap lfcrlf,crcrlf --omap delbs,crlf
For changing line ending to CR-LF or whatever else you like,
look at the beginning of mecrisp-stellaris-....s.
Assembling is done with the GCC-Arm-Embedded toolchain:
https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Fetch-Modify-Store operations like +! or bic! are not atomic.
* You can contribute your favourite hardware handling routines
to be included in upcoming releases !
* Chip specific sources have added English comments and hints included
for simplify porting to other ARM Cortex-M chips.
* For design ideas, have a look into Mecrisp for MSP430, too !
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Turnkey applications
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you define a word with name "init" - its latest definition is called every
startup ! You you can redefine init if you like to add e.g. additional hardware
setup; don't forget to give your old definition of init a call if you have one.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Porting
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mecrisp-Stellaris can assemble without change for M0, M3 and M4 cores.
M0 cores lack conditional execution "ite eq...", which has to be circumvented
by conditional branches. stmdb psp!, {tos} is missing, which I use to push to
data stack and they have no division in hardware.
There is an assembler switch "m0core" to assemble the core with replacement
code for ARM Cortex-M0 chips. Depending on your flash capabilities, there are
two useful switches:
"charkommaavailable" which is self-explaining and
"emulated16bitflashwrites" if your particular Flash controller
cannot write data in separate 16-Bit chunks.
Core needs about 14 kb flash at the moment, but reserves 16 kb for upcoming
additions, and needs 1.5 kb RAM for stacks and buffers plus variables for
interrupt handlers plus RAM dictionary space. Bare minimum for ARM to get it
running will be around 16kb/2kb, but to have fun with it and leave space for
real applications, go with at least of 32 kb flash and 4 kb RAM.
Look at the flash specification for your particular chip.
The compiler only depends on 2-aligned 16-Bit flash writes
one time per location, you can remove c, and halign without issues
from the compiler, but 8-Bit flash writes are nice to have
for compatibility with standard code.
For special cases having only 4-aligned 32-bit one-time writes to Flash,
there is a hflash! emulation layer.
Flash erasing is only available for the user, it doesn't need erase cycles
while compiling.
Keep these criteria in mind, pick your favourite chip and add it as your
contribution. It won't be too difficult, start with an UART echo written
in assembly without libraries, and I will be there for your help.
You have to change memory map, hardware initialisation and interrupt vectors,
write key?, key, emit?, emit for a first reaction and flash write access
for final success. There is a common mimimum set of handlers across
ARM Cortex CPUs, which will help you to get it running for the first time.
Unfortunately, there is a lot of bit twiddling necessary for peripherial
modules, as they differ a lot across manufacturers. ARMs seem to only share
core components like CPU, interrupt controler and a very basic systick timer.
I don't have the time to support a lot of different chips with examples.
TI ADCs have a sequencer FIFO buffer, ST ADCs need a DMA channel configured.
TI Flash controller offers 32 bit aligned writes only, but as many as you
wish per location until all bits are zero;
ST-M3 have 16 bit aligned Flash write only,
ST-M4 have 8 bit, 16 bit and 32 bit Flash writes available,
but only once per location.
I would like to focus on core development, support porting to other chips and
families with adaptions in core, but leave writing initialisation code,
testing and writing Forth examples to "family maintainers" which are deep
into their chip of choice.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Register allocator
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
It should look and feel like the classic Mecrisp-Stellaris,
but with a very important difference:
It contains an analytical compiler which keeps track
of the top five stack elements and maps them to registers
whenever possible.
To dive in, you should load the disassembler and see
definitions you have just compiled.
Two examples, on M0:
: >gray ( u -- x ) dup 1 rshift xor ; ok.
see >gray
00006B38: 0873 lsrs r3 r6 #1
00006B3A: 405E eors r6 r3
00006B3C: 4770 bx lr
ok.
: bitexp ( u -- u ) ok.
ok.
\ Returns an integer value equivalent to ok.
\ the exponential. For numbers > 16, ok.
\ bitexp(x) approx = 2^(x/8 + 1) ok.
ok.
\ B(E(x)) = x for 16 <= x <= 247. ok.
ok.
dup 247 u> \ Overflow ? ok.
if drop $F0000000 ok.
else ok.
ok.
dup 16 u<= if 1 rshift ok.
else ok.
dup ( u u ) ok.
7 and 8 or ( u b ) ok.
swap ( b u ) ok.
3 rshift 2 - lshift ok.
then ok.
ok.
then ok.
ok.
1-foldable ; ok.
ok.
see bitexp
00006BA2: 2EF7 cmp r6 #F7
00006BA4: B500 push { lr }
00006BA6: D902 bls 00006BAE
00006BA8: 26F0 movs r6 #F0
00006BAA: 0636 lsls r6 r6 #18
00006BAC: E00C b 00006BC8
00006BAE: 2E10 cmp r6 #10
00006BB0: D801 bhi 00006BB6
00006BB2: 0876 lsrs r6 r6 #1
00006BB4: E008 b 00006BC8
00006BB6: 0033 lsls r3 r6 #0
00006BB8: 2007 movs r0 #7
00006BBA: 4003 ands r3 r0
00006BBC: 2008 movs r0 #8
00006BBE: 4303 orrs r3 r0
00006BC0: 08F6 lsrs r6 r6 #3
00006BC2: 3E02 subs r6 #2
00006BC4: 40B3 lsls r3 r6
00006BC6: 461E mov r6 r3
00006BC8: BD00 pop { pc }
Note that it compiles bitexp without any stack movements at all.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Hacking
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you wish to dive into the assembly sources, here comes a register map:
r0: Free scratch register ( Saved on interrupt entry by hardware )
r1: Free scratch register ( Saved on interrupt entry by hardware )
r2: Free scratch register ( Saved on interrupt entry by hardware )
r3: Free scratch register ( Saved on interrupt entry by hardware )
r4: Inner loop count ( Needs Push and Pop when used otherwise )
r5: Inner loop limit ( Needs Push and Pop when used otherwise )
r6=TOS: Top-Of-Stack ( Stack design is interrupt safe )
r7=PSP: Parameter Stack Pointer ( Stack design is interrupt safe )
r8: Unused
r9: Unused
r10: Unused
r11: Unused
r12: Unused ( Saved on interrupt entry by hardware )
r13=SP: Return Stack Pointer
r14=LR: Link Register
r15=PC: Program Counter, always odd
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Here comes a word list,
with short descriptions of all currently included words:
View it with fixed-width font !
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Terminal-IO (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
emit? ( -- Flag ) Ready to send a character ?
key? ( -- Flag ) Checks if a key is waiting
key ( -- Char ) Waits for and fetches the pressed key
emit ( Char -- ) Emits a character.
hook-emit? ( -- a-addr ) Hooks for redirecting
hook-key? ( -- a-addr ) terminal IO
hook-key ( -- a-addr ) on the fly
hook-emit ( -- a-addr )
serial-emit? ( -- Flag ) Serial interface
serial-key? ( -- Flag ) terminal routines
serial-key ( -- Char ) as default communications
serial-emit ( Char -- )
hook-pause ( -- a-addr ) Hook for a multitasker
pause ( -- ) Task switch, none for default
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Stack Jugglers (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Single-Jugglers:
depth ( -- +n ) Gives number of single-cell stack items.
nip ( x1 x2 -- x2 )
drop ( x -- )
rot ( x1 x2 x3 -- x2 x3 x1 )
-rot ( x1 x2 x3 -- x3 x1 x2 )
swap ( x1 x2 -- x2 x1 )
tuck ( x1 x2 -- x2 x1 x2 )
over ( x1 x2 -- x1 x2 x1 )
?dup ( x -- 0 | x x )
dup ( x -- x x )
pick ( ... xi+1 xi ... x1 x0 i -- ... x1 x0 xi )
Picks one element from deep below
>r ( x -- ) (R: -- x )
r> ( -- x ) (R: x -- )
r@ ( -- x ) (R: x -- x )
rdrop ( -- ) (R: x -- )
rdepth ( -- +n ) Gives number of return stack items.
rpick ( i -- xi ) R: ( ... xi ... x0 -- ... xi ... x0 )
Double-Jugglers: They perform the same for double numbers.
2nip ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x3 x4 )
2drop ( x1 x2 -- )
2rot ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 -- x3 x4 x5 x6 x1 x2 )
2-rot ( x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 -- x5 x6 x1 x2 x3 x4 )
2swap ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x3 x4 x1 x2 )
2tuck ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x3 x4 x1 x2 x3 x4 )
2over ( x1 x2 x3 x4 -- x1 x2 x3 x4 x1 x2 )
2dup ( x1 x2 -- x1 x2 x1 x2 )
2>r ( x1 x2 -- ) (R: -- x1 x2 )
2r> ( -- x1 x2 ) (R: x1 x2 -- )
2r@ ( -- x1 x2 ) (R: x1 x2 -- x1 x2 )
2rdrop ( -- ) (R: x1 x2 -- )
Stack pointers:
sp@ ( -- a-addr ) Fetch data stack pointer
sp! ( a-addr -- ) Store data stack pointer
rp@ ( -- a-addr ) Fetch return stack pointer
rp! ( a-addr -- ) Store return stack pointer
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Logic (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
arshift ( x1 u -- x2 ) Arithmetric right-shift of u bit-places
rshift ( x1 u -- x2 ) Logical right-shift of u bit-places
lshift ( x1 u -- x2 ) Logical left-shift of u bit-places
shr ( x1 -- x2 ) Logical right-shift of one bit-place
shl ( x1 -- x2 ) Logical left-shift of one bit-place
ror ( x1 -- x2 ) Logical right-rotation of one bit-place
rol ( x1 -- x2 ) Logical left-rotation of one bit-place
bic ( x1 x2 -- x3 ) Bit clear, identical to "not and"
not ( x1 -- x2 ) Invert all bits
xor ( x1 x2 -- x3 ) Bitwise Exclusive-OR
or ( x1 x2 -- x3 ) Bitwise OR
and ( x1 x2 -- x3 ) Bitwise AND
false ( -- 0 ) False-Flag
true ( -- -1 ) True-Flag
clz ( x1 -- u ) Count leading zeros
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Calculus for single numbers (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
u/mod ( u1 u2 -- u3 u4 ) 32/32 = 32 rem 32 Division
u1 / u2 = u4 remainder u3
/mod ( n1 n2 -- n3 n4 ) n1 / n2 = n4 rem n3
mod ( n1 n2 -- n3 ) n1 / n2 = remainder n3
/ ( n1 n2 -- n3 ) n1 / n2 = n3
* ( u1|n1 u2|n2 -- u3|n3 ) 32*32 = 32 Multiplication
min ( n1 n2 -- n1|n2 ) Keeps smaller of top two items
max ( n1 n2 -- n1|n2 ) Keeps greater of top two items
umin ( u1 u2 -- u1|u2 ) Keeps unsigned smaller
umax ( u1 u2 -- u1|u2 ) Keeps unsigned greater
2- ( u1|n1 -- u2|n2 ) Subtracts two, optimized
1- ( u1|n1 -- u2|n2 ) Subtracts one, optimized
2+ ( u1|n1 -- u2|n2 ) Adds two, optimized
1+ ( u1|n1 -- u2|n2 ) Adds one, optimized
even ( u1|n1 -- u2|n2 ) Makes even. Adds one if uneven.
2* ( n1 -- n2 ) Arithmetric left-shift
2/ ( n1 -- n2 ) Arithmetric right-shift
abs ( n -- u ) Absolute value
negate ( n1 -- n2 ) Negate
- ( u1|n1 u2|n2 -- u3|n3 ) Subtraction
+ ( u1|n1 u2|n2 -- u3|n3 ) Addition
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Calculus involving double numbers (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
um* ( u1 u2 -- ud ) 32*32 = 64 Multiplication
ud* ( ud1 ud2 -- ud3 ) 64*64 = 64 Multiplication
udm* ( ud1 ud2 -- ud3-Low ud4-High ) 64*64=128 Multiplication
um/mod ( ud u1 -- u2 u3 ) ud / u1 = u3 remainder u2
ud/mod ( ud1 ud2 -- ud3 ud4 ) 64/64 = 64 rem 64 Division
ud1 / ud2 = ud4 remainder ud3
m* ( n1 n2 -- d ) n1 * n2 = d
m/mod ( d n1 -- n2 n3 ) d / n1 = n3 remainder r2
d/mod ( d1 d2 -- d3 d4 ) d1 / d2 = d4 remainder d3
d/ ( d1 d2 -- d3 ) d1 / d2 = d3
*/ ( n1 n2 n3 -- n4 ) n1 * n2 / n3 = n4
u*/ ( u1 u2 u3 -- u4 ) u1 * u2 / u3 = u4
*/mod ( n1 n2 n3 -- n4 n5 ) n1 * n2 / n3 = n5 remainder n4
u*/mod ( u1 u2 u3 -- u4 u5 ) u1 * u2 / u3 = u5 remainder u4
d2* ( d1 -- d2 ) Arithmetric left-shift
d2/ ( d1 -- d2 ) Arithmetric right-shift
dshl ( ud1 -- ud2 ) Logical left-shift, same as d2*
dshr ( ud1 -- ud2 ) Logical right-shift
dabs ( d -- ud ) Absolute value
dnegate ( d1 -- d2 ) Negate
d- ( ud1|d1 ud2|d2 -- ud3|d3 ) Subtraction
d+ ( ud1|d1 ud2|d2 -- ud3|d3 ) Addition
s>d ( n -- d ) Makes a signed single number double length
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Comparisions (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Single-Comparisions:
u<= ( u1 u2 -- flag ) Unsigned comparisions
u>= ( u1 u2 -- flag )
u> ( u1 u2 -- flag )
u< ( u1 u2 -- flag )
<= ( n1 n2 -- flag ) Signed comparisions
>= ( n1 n2 -- flag )
> ( n1 n2 -- flag )
< ( n1 n2 -- flag )
0< ( n - flag ) Negative ?
0<> ( x -- flag )
0= ( x -- flag )
<> ( x1 x2 -- flag )
= ( x1 x2 -- flag )
Double-Comparisions: They perform the same for double numbers.
du> ( ud1 ud2 -- flag )
du< ( ud1 ud2 -- flag )
d> ( d1 d2 -- flag )
d< ( d1 d2 -- flag )
d0< ( d -- flag )
d0= ( d -- flag )
d<> ( d1 d2 -- flag )
d= ( d1 d2 -- flag )
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Tools (not only) for s31.32 fixed point numbers (speciality!)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fixpoint numbers are stored ( n-comma n-whole ) and can be handled
like signed double numbers.
f/ ( df1 df2 -- df3 ) Division of two fixpoint numbers
f* ( df1 df2 -- df3 ) Multiplication
hold< ( char -- )
Adds character to pictured number output buffer
from behind.
f#S ( n-comma1 -- n-comma2 )
Adds 32 comma-digits to number output
f# ( n-comma1 -- n-comma2 )
Adds one comma-digit to number output
f. ( df -- )
Prints a fixpoint number with 32 fractional digits
f.n ( df n -- )
Prints a fixpoint number with n fractional digits
number ( c-addr length -- 0 )
-- n 1 )
-- n-low n-high 2 )
Tries to convert a string to a number.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Number base (exactly ANS)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
binary ( -- ) Sets base to 2
decimal ( -- ) Sets base to 10
hex ( -- ) Sets base to 16
base ( -- a-addr ) Base variable address
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Memory access (subtle differences to ANS, special cpu-specific extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
move ( c-addr1 c-addr2 u -- ) Moves u Bytes in Memory
fill ( c-addr u c ) Fill u Bytes of Memory with value c
cbit@ ( mask c-addr -- flag ) Test BIts in byte-location
hbit@ ( mask a-addr -- flag ) Test BIts in halfword-location
bit@ ( mask a-addr -- flag ) Test BIts in word-location
cxor! ( mask c-addr -- ) Toggle bits in byte-location
hxor! ( mask a-addr -- ) Toggle bits in halfword-location
xor! ( mask a-addr -- ) Toggle bits in word-location
cbic! ( mask c-addr -- ) Clear BIts in byte-location
hbic! ( mask a-addr -- ) Clear BIts in halfword-location
bic! ( mask a-addr -- ) Clear BIts in word-location
cbis! ( mask c-addr -- ) Set BIts in byte-location
hbis! ( mask a-addr -- ) Set BIts in halfword-location
bis! ( mask a-addr -- ) Set BIts in word-location
2constant name ( ud|d -- ) Makes a double constant.
constant name ( u|n -- ) Makes a single constant.
2variable name ( ud|d -- ) Makes an initialized double variable
variable name ( n|n -- ) Makes an initialized single variable
nvariable name ( n1*u|n n1 -- ) Makes an initialized variable with
specified size of n1 words
Maximum is 15 words
buffer: name ( u -- ) Creates a buffer in RAM with u bytes length
2@ ( a-addr -- ud|d ) Fetches double number from memory
2! ( ud|d a-addr -- ) Stores double number in memory
@ ( a-addr -- u|n ) Fetches single number from memory
! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Stores single number in memory
+! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Add to memory location
h@ ( c-addr -- char ) Fetches halfword from memory
h! ( char c-addr ) Stores halfword in memory
h+! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Add to halfword memory location
c@ ( c-addr -- char ) Fetches byte from memory
c! ( char c-addr ) Stores byte in memory
c+! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Add to byte memory location
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Strings and beautiful output (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
String routines:
type ( c-addr length -- )
Prints a string.
s" Hello" Compiles a string and
( -- c-addr length )
gives back its address and length when executed.
." Hello" Compiles a string and
( -- )
prints it when executed.
( Comment ) Ignore Comment
\ Comment Comment to end of line
cr ( -- ) Emits line feed
bl ( -- 32 ) ASCII code for Space
space ( -- ) Emits space
spaces ( n -- ) Emits n spaces if n is positive
compare ( caddr-1 len-1 c-addr-2 len-2 -- flag )
Compares two strings
accept ( c-addr maxlength -- length ) Read input into a string.
Counted string routines:
ctype ( cstr-addr -- )
Prints a counted string.
c" Hello" Compiles a counted string and
( -- cstr-addr )
gives back its address when executed.
cexpect ( cstr-addr maxlength -- ) Read input into a counted string.
count ( cstr-addr -- c-addr length )
Convert counted string into addr-length string
skipstring ( cstr-addr -- a-addr )
Increases the pointer to the aligned end of the string.
Pictured numerical output:
.digit ( u -- char ) Converts a digit to a char
digit ( char -- u true | false ) Converts a char to a digit
[char] * Compiles code of following char
( -- char ) when executed
char * ( -- char ) gives code of following char
hold ( char -- ) Adds character to pictured number
output buffer from the front.
sign ( n -- ) Add a minus sign to pictured number
output buffer, if n is negative
#S ( ud1|d1 -- 0 0 ) Add all remaining digits
from the double length number to output buffer
# ( ud1|d1 -- ud2|d2 ) Add one digit from the
double length number to output buffer
#> ( ud|d -- c-addr len )
Drops double-length number and finishes
pictured numeric output ready for type
<# ( -- ) Prepare pictured number output buffer
u. ( u -- ) Print unsigned single number
. ( n -- ) Print single number
ud. ( ud -- ) Print unsigned double number
d. ( d -- ) Print double number
Deep insights:
words ( -- ) Prints list of defined words.
.s ( many -- many ) Prints stack contents, signed
u.s ( many -- many ) Prints stack contents, unsigned
h.s ( many -- many ) Prints stack contents, unsigned, hex
hex. ( u -- ) Prints 32 bit unsigned in hex base,
needs emit only.
This is independent of number subsystem.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; User input and its interpretation (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
query ( -- ) Fetches user input to input buffer
tib ( -- cstr-addr ) Input buffer
current-source ( -- addr ) Double-Variable which contains source
setsource ( c-addr len -- ) Change source
source ( -- c-addr len ) Current source
>in ( -- addr ) Variable with current offset into source
token ( -- c-addr len ) Cuts one token out of input buffer
parse ( char -- c-addr len )
Cuts anything delimited by char out of input buffer
evaluate ( any addr len -- any ) Interpret given string
interpret ( any -- any ) Execute, compile, fold, optimize...
quit ( many -- ) (R: many -- ) Resets Stacks
hook-quit ( -- a-addr ) Hook for changing the inner quit loop
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Dictionary expansion (exactly ANS, some logical extensions)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
align ( -- ) Aligns dictionary pointer
aligned ( c-addr -- a-addr ) Advances to next aligned address
cell+ ( x -- x+4 ) Add size of one cell
cells ( n -- 4*n ) Calculate size of n cells
allot ( n -- ) Tries to advance Dictionary Pointer by n bytes
Aborts, if not enough space available
here ( -- a-addr|c-addr )
Gives current position in Dictionary
, ( u|n -- ) Appends a single number to dictionary
><, ( u|n -- ) Reverses high and low-halfword, then
appends it to dictionary
h, ( u|n -- ) Appends a halfword to dictionary
compiletoram? ( -- ? ) Currently compiling into ram ?
compiletoram ( -- ) Makes ram the target for compiling
compiletoflash ( -- ) Makes flash the target for compiling
forgetram ( -- ) Forget definitions in ram without a reset
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Dictionary expansion (speciality!)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
string, ( c-addr len -- ) Inserts a string of maximum 255 characters without runtime
literal, ( u|n -- ) Compiles a literal with runtime
inline, ( a-addr -- ) Inlines the choosen subroutine
call, ( a-addr -- ) Compiles a call to a subroutine
jump, ( Hole-for-Opcode Destination )
Writes an unconditional Jump
to a-addr-Destination with the given Bitmask as
Opcode into the halfword sized a-addr-Hole
cjump, ( Hole-for-Opcode Destination Bitmask )
Writes a conditional Jump
to a-addr-Destination with the given Bitmask as
Opcode into the halfword sized a-addr-Hole
ret, ( -- ) Compiles a ret opcode
flashvar-here ( -- a-addr ) Gives current RAM management pointer
dictionarystart ( -- a-addr ) Current entry point for dictionary search
dictionarynext ( a-addr -- a-addr flag )
Scans dictionary chain and returns true if end is reached.
Available depending on chip capabilities:
c, ( char -- ) Appends a byte to dictionary
halign ( -- ) Makes Dictionary Pointer even, if uneven.
movwmovt, ( x Register -- ) Generate a movw/movt-Sequence to
get x into any given Register. M3/M4 only
registerliteral, ( x Register -- ) Generate shortest possible sequence
to get x into given low Register.
On M0: A movs-lsls-adds... sequence
M3/M4: movs / movs-mvns / movw / movw-movt
12bitencoding ( x -- x false | bitmask true )
Can x be encoded as 12-bit immediate ?
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Flags and inventory (speciality!)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
smudge ( -- ) Makes current definition visible, burns
collected flags to flash and
takes care of proper ending
inline ( -- ) Makes current definition inlineable.
For flash, place it inside your definition !
immediate ( -- ) Makes current definition immediate.
For flash, place it inside your definition !
compileonly ( -- ) Makes current definition compileonly.
For flash, place it inside your definition !
setflags ( char -- ) Sets Flags with a mask. This isn't immediate,
but for flash, place it inside your definition !
(create) name ( -- ) Creates and links a new invisible dictionary
header that does nothing.
Use FIG-style <builds .. does> !
find ( c-addr len -- a-addr flags )
Searches for a String in Dictionary.
Gives back flags, which are different to ANS !
0-foldable ( -- ) Current word becomes foldable with zero constants
1-foldable ( -- ) Current word becomes foldable with one constants
2-foldable ( -- ) Current word becomes foldable with two constants
3-foldable ( -- ) Current word becomes foldable with 3 constants
...
7-foldable ( -- ) Current word becomes foldable with 7 constants
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Compiler essentials (subtle differences to ANS)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
execute ( a-addr -- ) Calls subroutine
recurse ( -- ) Lets the current definition call itself
' name ( -- a-addr ) Tries to find name in dictionary
gives back executable address
['] name ( -- a-addr) Tick that compiles the executable address
of found word as literal
postpone name ( -- ) Helps compiling immediate words.
does> ( -- ) executes: ( -- a-addr )
Gives address to where you have stored data.
<builds ( -- ) Makes Dictionary header and reserves space
for special call.
create name ( -- ) Create a definition with default action which
cannot be changed later. Use <builds does> instead.
Equivalent to : create <builds does> ;
state ( -- a-addr ) Address of state variable
] ( -- ) Switch to compile state
[ ( -- ) Switch to execute state
; ( -- ) Finishes new definition
: name ( -- ) Opens new definition
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Control structures (exactly ANS)
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Internally, they have complicated compile-time stack effects.
Decisions:
flag if ... then
flag if ... else ... then
then ( -- ) This is the common
else ( -- ) flag if ... [else ...] then
if ( flag -- ) structure.
ahead ( -- )
Case:
n case
m1 of ... endof
m2 .. ... .....
flag ?of ... endof
all others
endcase
case ( n -- n ) Begins case structure
of ( m -- ) Compares m with n, choose this if n=m
?of ( flag -- ) Flag-of, for custom comparisions
endof ( -- ) End of one possibility
endcase ( n -- ) Ends case structure, discards n
Indefinite Loops:
begin ... again
begin ... flag until
begin ... flag while ... repeat
repeat ( -- ) Finish of a middle-flag-checking loop.
while ( flag -- ) Check a flag in the middle of a loop
until ( flag -- ) begin ... flag until
loops until flag is true
again ( -- ) begin ... again
is an endless loop
begin ( -- )
Definite Loops:
limit index do ... [one or more leave(s)] ... loop
?do ... [one or more leave(s)] ... loop
do ... [one or more leave(s)] ... n +loop
?do ... [one or more leave(s)] ... n +loop
k ( -- u|n ) Gives third loop index
j ( -- u|n ) Gives second loop index
i ( -- u|n ) Gives innermost loop index
unloop (R: old-limit old-index -- )
Drops innermost loop structure,
pops back old loop structures to loop registers
exit ( -- ) Returns from current definition.
Compiles a ret opcode.
leave ( -- ) (R: old-limit old-index -- )
Leaves current innermost loop promptly
+loop ( u|n -- )
(R: unchanged | old-limit old-index -- )
Adds number to current loop index register
and checks whether to continue or not
loop ( -- )
(R: unchanged | old-limit old-index -- )
Increments current loop index register by one
and checks whether to continue or not.
?do ( Limit Index -- )
(R: unchanged | -- old-limit old-index )
Begins a loop if limit and index are not equal
do ( Limit Index -- )
(R: -- old-limit old-index )
Begins a loop
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Common Hardware access
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
reset ( -- ) Reset on hardware level
dint ( -- ) Disables Interrupts
eint ( -- ) Enables Interrupts
eint? ( -- ) Are Interrupts enabled ?
nop ( -- ) No Operation. Hook for unused handlers !
ipsr ( -- ipsr ) Interrupt Program Status Register
unhandled ( -- ) Message for unhandled interrupts.
irq-systick ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-fault ( -- a-addr ) For all faults
irq-collection ( -- a-addr ) Collection of all unhandled interrupts
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for LM4F120:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
cflash! ( char c-addr -- ) Writes byte to flash
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
flash! ( u|n 4-a-addr -- ) Writes single number to flash,
4 aligned !
Interrupts:
irq-porta ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-portb
irq-portc
irq-portd
irq-porte
irq-portf
irq-timer0a
irq-timer0b
irq-timer1a
irq-timer1b
irq-timer2a
irq-timer2b
irq-adc0seq0
irq-adc0seq1
irq-adc0seq2
irq-adc0seq3
irq-terminal
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for TM4C1294:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 16k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
cflash! ( char c-addr -- ) Writes byte to flash
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
flash! ( u|n 4-a-addr -- ) Writes single number to flash,
4 aligned !
Interrupts:
irq-porta ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-portb
irq-portc
irq-portd
irq-porte
irq-portf
irq-portg
irq-porth
irq-portj
irq-portk
irq-portl
irq-timer0a
irq-timer0b
irq-timer1a
irq-timer1b
irq-timer2a
irq-timer2b
irq-timer3a
irq-timer3b
irq-adc0seq0
irq-adc0seq1
irq-adc0seq2
irq-adc0seq3
irq-adc1seq0
irq-adc1seq1
irq-adc1seq2
irq-adc1seq3
irq-ethernet
irq-terminal
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for MSP432P401R:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
cflash! ( char c-addr -- ) Writes byte to flash
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
flash! ( u|n 4-a-addr -- ) Writes single number to flash,
4 aligned !
Interrupts:
irq-port1 ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-port2
irq-port3
irq-port4
irq-port5
irq-port6
irq-watchdog
irq-adc
irq-timera0
irq-timera1
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for LPC1114FN28, LPC1114FBD48 and LPC1115FBD48:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
initflash ( -- ) Clear buffers
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash (buffered)
flushflash ( -- ) Flush flash buffers
needed if you comma in values after create
flash-khz ( -- addr ) Variable with current core frequency in kHz
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
16flash! ( x1 x2 x3 x4 addr -- ) Flash aligned 16 Bytes at once
irq-i2c ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-uart
irq-adc
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32F051:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti0_1
irq-exti2_3
irq-exti4_15
irq-tim1_up
irq-tim1_cc
irq-tim2
irq-tim3
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32F030F4:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti0_1
irq-exti2_3
irq-exti4_15
irq-tim1_up
irq-tim1_cc
irq-tim3
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32L053C8:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 128 byte flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
flash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes word to flash
Interrupts:
irq-rtc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti0_1
irq-exti2_3
irq-exti4_15
irq-touch
irq-dma1
irq-dma2_3
irq-dma4_7
irq-adc
irq-lptim1
irq-tim2
irq-dac
irq-tim21
irq-tim22
irq-i2c1
irq-i2c2
irq-spi1
irq-spi2
irq-usart1
irq-usart2
irq-rng
irq-lcd
irq-usb
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32L152:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 256 byte flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
flash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes word to flash
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-dac
irq-exti4
irq-exti3
irq-exti2
irq-exti1
irq-exti0
irq-tim2
irq-tim3
irq-tim4
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32L476:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
initflash ( -- ) Clear buffers
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash (buffered)
flushflash ( -- ) Flush flash buffers
needed if you comma in values after create
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 2048 byte flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
16flash! ( x1 x2 x3 x4 addr -- ) Flash 4 words aligned at 8 byte boundary at once
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti4
irq-exti3
irq-exti2
irq-exti1
irq-exti0
irq-tim2
irq-tim3
irq-tim4
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32F100:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti4
irq-exti3
irq-exti2
irq-exti1
irq-exti0
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32F103:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti4
irq-exti3
irq-exti2
irq-exti1
irq-exti0
irq-rtc
irq-exti5
irq-tim1brk
irq-tim1up
irq-tim1trg
irq-tim1cc
irq-tim2
irq-tim3
irq-tim4
irq-i2c1ev
irq-i2c1er
irq-i2c2ev
irq-i2c2er
irq-spi1
irq-spi2
irq-usart1
irq-usart2
irq-usart3
irq-exti10
irq-rtcalarm
irq-usbwkup
irq-tim5
irq-spi3
irq-uart4
irq-uart5
irq-tim6
irq-tim7
irq-usbfs
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32F303:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 2k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti4
irq-exti3
irq-exti2
irq-exti1
irq-exti0
irq-tim2
irq-tim3
irq-tim4
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for STM32F401, STM32F411, STM32F407 and STM32F429:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashsector ( u -- ) Erases one sector of Flash
cflash! ( char c-addr -- ) Writes byte to flash
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-exti4
irq-exti3
irq-exti2
irq-exti1
irq-exti0
irq-tim2
irq-tim3
irq-tim4
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for KL25Z128 and KL46Z256:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash - emulated
flash! ( u|n 4-a-addr -- ) Writes single number to flash,
4 aligned !
Interrupts:
irq-adc ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-dac
irq-cmp
irq-porta
irq-portd
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for MK64FN1M0:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
initflash ( -- ) Clear buffers
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash (buffered)
flushflash ( -- ) Flush flash buffers
needed if you comma in values after create
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 4 kb flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
16flash! ( x1 x2 x3 x4 addr -- ) Flash 4 words aligned at 8 byte boundary at once
Interrupts:
irq-adc0 ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-adc1
irq-dac0
irq-dac1
irq-cmp0
irq-cmp1
irq-cmp2
irq-porta
irq-portb
irq-portc
irq-portd
irq-porte
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for XMC1100:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 256 byte flash page only.
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
initflash ( -- ) Clear buffers
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash (buffered)
flushflash ( -- ) Flush flash buffers
needed if you comma in values after create
16flash! ( x1 x2 x3 x4 addr -- ) Flash aligned 16 Bytes at once
Interrupts:
irq-scu0 ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-scu1
irq-eru0
irq-eru1
irq-eru2
irq-eru3
irq-usi0
irq-usi1
irq-usi2
irq-usi3
irq-usi4
irq-usi5
irq-adc0
irq-adc1
irq-ccu0
irq-ccu1
irq-ccu2
irq-ccu3
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for EFM32GG990:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 4 kb flash page only.
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-dma ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-gpioeven
irq-timer0
irq-usart0rx
irq-usart0tx
irq-acmp0
irq-adc0
irq-dac0
irq-i2c0
irq-gpioodd
irq-timer1
irq-timer2
irq-usart1rx
irq-usart1tx
irq-usart2rx
irq-usart2tx
irq-uart0rx
irq-uart0tx
irq-leuart0
irq-leuart1
irq-letimer0
irq-pcnt0
irq-pcnt1
irq-pcnt2
irq-rtc
irq-cmu
irq-vcmp
irq-lcd
irq-msc
irq-aes
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for EFM32HG322:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1 kb flash page only.
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-dma ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-gpioeven
irq-timer0
irq-acmp0
irq-adc0
irq-i2c0
irq-gpioodd
irq-timer1
irq-usart1rx
irq-usart1tx
irq-leuart0
irq-pcnt0
irq-rtc
irq-cmu
irq-vcmp
irq-msc
irq-aes
irq-usart0rx
irq-usart0tx
irq-usb
irq-timer2
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for MK20DX256:
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash - emulated
flash! ( u|n 4-a-addr -- ) Writes single number to flash,
4 aligned !
Interrupts:
irq-adc0 ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-adc1
irq-dac
irq-cmp0
irq-cmp1
irq-cmp2
irq-porta
irq-portb
irq-portc
irq-portd
irq-porte
irq-uart0S
irq-uart0E
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for nRF51822 and Microbit
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Flash:
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
flashpageerase ( a-addr -- ) Erase one 1k flash page only. Take care:
No Reset, no dictionary reinitialisation.
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to flash
Interrupts:
irq-power ( -- a-addr ) Memory locations for IRQ-Hooks
irq-radio
irq-uart
irq-spi0
irq-spi1
irq-gpiote
irq-adc
irq-tim0
irq-tim1
irq-tim2
irq-rtc0
irq-temp
irq-rng
irq-ecb
irq-ccm_aar
irq-wdt
irq-rtc1
irq-qdec
irq-lpcomp
irq-swi0
irq-swi1
irq-swi2
irq-swi3
irq-swi4
irq-swi5
Look into vectors.s and interrupts.s to add more interrupts.
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
; Specials for Linux
;------------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Flash":
eraseflash ( -- ) Erases everything. Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
eraseflashfrom ( a-addr -- ) Starts erasing at this address.
Clears Ram. Restarts Forth.
cflash! ( char c-addr -- ) Writes byte to "flash"
hflash! ( u|n a-addr -- ) Writes halfword to "flash"
System:
cacheflush ( -- ) Flushes data and instruction cache
syscall ( r0 r1 r2 r3 r4 r5 r6 Syscall# -- r0 ) Perform Syscall
arguments ( -- a-addr ) Gives the initial stack pointer which
contains command line arguments.
bye ( -- ) Leave Mecrisp-Stellaris
Matthias Koch, Summer 2013, updated Spring 2016
